Cholera is a serious bacterial infection that affects the intestines, leading to severe diarrhea and dehydration.
It is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Here’s a simple guide to understanding the main causes of cholera.
1. Contaminated Water
The most common cause of cholera is drinking water contaminated with the Vibrio cholerae bacteria. This often happens in areas where there is poor sanitation and limited access to clean water.
When people consume water from contaminated sources like rivers, wells, or untreated tap water, they are at high risk of getting cholera.
2. Contaminated Food
Cholera can also be spread through food that has been contaminated with the bacteria.
This usually occurs when food is handled by someone who has the infection or if it is washed or prepared with contaminated water.
Common culprits include raw or undercooked seafood, fruits, and vegetables.
3. Poor Sanitation
Areas with inadequate sanitation facilities are breeding grounds for cholera.
Without proper toilets and waste disposal systems, human feces can contaminate water supplies, leading to the spread of the bacteria.
4. Hygiene Practices
Poor hygiene practices, such as not washing hands with soap and clean water after using the toilet or before handling food, can facilitate the transmission of cholera.
The bacteria can easily spread from person to person in these conditions.
5. Crowded Living Conditions
Overcrowded living conditions, especially in refugee camps or urban slums, can lead to outbreaks of cholera.
In such environments, maintaining cleanliness and proper sanitation becomes challenging, increasing the risk of water and food contamination.
6. Natural Disasters
Natural disasters like floods, hurricanes, and earthquakes can disrupt water and sanitation systems, making it difficult for people to access clean water and safe food.
These conditions can lead to cholera outbreaks if contaminated water sources are used for drinking and cooking.
Also read: How To Prevent Yourself From Cholera
